Technology

Technology

A health technology is the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures and systems which have been developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives. Health technologies are indispensable for effective and efficient prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation as well as the attainment of internationally agreed health-related development goals. The European Observatory’s work on technological innovation spans the spectrum of the health innovation system, addressing issues that range from how biomedical innovations are generated to how innovation systems can be better aligned with health system needs.

As defined by WHO, a health technology is the application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures and systems which have been developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives. This reflects the wider definition of an innovation as an idea, practice or object that is perceived as new – so a health technology can also be understood as a particular type of innovation for health. 

Health technologies are indispensable for effective and efficient prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation as well as the attainment of internationally agreed health-related development goals (WHA20.29). In the past two decades, the increasing application of information and communication technologies for health care – also known as eHealth – has further shaped the innovation landscape, by enabling new ways of healthcare delivery and accelerating the creation of datasets that can help generate additional evidence for decision-making.

Globally, technological innovation has been an important driver of health improvement, but this increased capability means that technological innovation has also been an important driver of increasing health expenditure. Given the inevitability of finite resources, health systems must therefore both enable innovation, and ensure that they do not invest in technologies that harm, or do not benefit, their populations. Tools such as Health Technology Assessment (HTA) have been developed to enable evidence-informed decisions with regard to reimbursement and pricing of health technologies.

As health needs evolve over time, so must the innovation system. The Observatory’s work on technological innovation spans the spectrum of the health innovation system. It looks at how biomedical innovations are generated, what funding and incentives are available and how these shape the development of innovations available to health systems. It also examines how these innovation systems can be better aligned with the needs of health systems. 

 

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